Agriculture Environment Science

The process of nation-building in Latin America transformed the relations between the state, the economy, and nature. Between 1760 and 1940, the economies of most countries in the Spanish Caribbean came to depend heavily on the export of plant products, such as coffee, tobacco, and sugar. After the mid-nineteenth century, this model of export-led economic growth also became a central tenet of liberal projects of nation-building. As international competition grew and commodity prices fell over this period, Latin American growers strove to remain competitive by increasing agricultural production. By the turn of the twentieth century, their pursuit of export-led growth had generated severe environmental problems, including soil exhaustion, erosion, and epidemic outbreaks of crop diseases and pests. This book traces the history of the intersections between nature, economy, and nation in the Spanish Caribbean through a history of the agricultural and botanical sciences. Growers and governments in Venezuela, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Colombia, and Costa Rica turned to scientists to help them establish practical and ideological control over nature. They hoped to use science to alleviate the pressing environmental and economic stresses, without having to give up their commitment to export-led growth. Starting from an overview of the relationship among science, nature, and development throughout the export boom of 1760 to 1930, Stuart McCook examines such topics as the relationship between scientific plant surveys and nation-building, the development of a "creole science" to address the problems of tropical agriculture, the ecological rationalization of the sugar industry, and the growth oftechnocratic ideologies of science and progress. He concludes with a look at how the Great Depression of the 1930s changed the paradigms of economic and political development and the role of science and nature in these paradigms.

It is easy to feel overwhelmed and depressed by all the threats facing modern agriculture--threats to the environment, to the health and safety of our food, to the economic and cultural viability of farmers and rural communities. Hundreds of thousands of farmers leave their farms every year as the juggernaut of "big agriculture" plows across our rural landscape. But there are viable alternatives to big agriculture, as many farmers and others involved in agriculture, including consumers, are discovering. In Farming for Us All, Michael Mayerfeld Bell offers crucial insight into the future of a viable sustainable agriculture movement in the United States. Based on interviews and years of close interaction with more than sixty Iowa farm families, Bell answers two critical questions concerning sustainable agriculture: why some farmers are becoming sustainable farmers and why, as yet, most are not. The first part of the book describes how the structure of agriculture--that nexus of markets, regulations, subsides, and technology--has created a situation in which farmers are paid to undermine their own economic and social security as well as the security of the land. The second part explores why most Iowa farmers carry on with these destructive practices. Farming is a pressured endeavor, and farmers find themselves relying on recipes of knowledge to get them through the latest crisis, with little opportunity to explore some other way--even if they think what they know how to do isn't likely to work very well for them. And yet some farmers resist the tide of big agriculture. In the third part of the book, Bell examines Iowa's largest sustainable agriculture group, Practical Farmers of Iowa(PFI), and he finds a new model of social relations at work.

Central Science Laboratory - The Central Science Laboratory(CSL) is an executive agency of the UK government department the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). It specialises in the sciences underpinning agriculture for sustainable crop production, environmental management and conservation and in food safety and quality.

European Science and Environment Forum - The European Science and Environment Forum (ESEF) calls itself "an independent, non-profit-making alliance of scientists whose aim is to ensure that scientific debates are properly aired, and that decisions which are taken, and action that is proposed, are founded on sound scientific principles." Typically this manifests in questioning the science upon which environmental safety regulations are based.

Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science - The Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science(CEFAS) is an executive agency of the United Kingdom government department the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). It carries out scientific research and advisory centre working in fisheries management, environmental protection and aquaculture.

agricultureenvironmentscience

Environment and Agriculture - Environment and Agriculture Committee on Rural Economy, Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment - The Committee on Rural Economy Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment is one of the Ten Permanent Committees of the Pan-African Parliament. Conservation agriculture - Conservation agriculture (similar to Sustainable agriculture) is a kind of agriculture that aims to coexist with environments unlike other modern agriculture, which is harmful to the earth's environment. Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department - The Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (Agriculture and Fisheries Department before ...

Science Agriculture Organization - Science Agriculture Organization Food and Agriculture Organization - With its headquarters in Rome, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that works to raise levels of nutrition and standards of living; to improve the production, processing, marketing, and distribution of food and agricultural products; to promote rural development; and, by these means, to eliminate hunger. In the past, the United States and several other european nations have contributed to this organization by providing blankets, food, ...

Environment and Agriculture - Environment and Agriculture The State of Food and Agriculture 2002 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the, "The State of Food environment and agriculture and Agriculture 2002" is FAO's annual report on current developments environment and agriculture and issues in world agriculture. It monitors the global agricultural situation as well as the overall economic environment surrounding world agriculture, environment and agriculture and this year includes an overview of the status of negotiations on agricultural trade following the launch of a ...

Science Agriculture Publication - Science Agriculture Publication Christian Science Journal - The Christian Science Journal is an official monthly publication of the Church of Christ, Scientist through the Christian Science Publishing Society, founded in 1883 by Mary Baker Eddy. Written chiefly for Christian Scientists, as opposed to the Christian Science Sentinel and Christian Science Herald, it includes articles written from a metaphysical angle of Christian Science, with editorials, church news items, testimonies of healing, and listings of Christian Science churches, practitioners, nurses, and Committees on Publication. ...

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